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SMS ''Derfflinger'' was a battlecruiser of the German Kaiserliche Marine built just before the outbreak of World War I. She was the lead vessel of her class of three ships; her sister ships were and . The s were larger and featured significant improvements over the previous German battlecruisers, in terms of armament, armor protection, and cruising range. The ship was named after Field Marshal Georg von Derfflinger who fought in the Thirty Years' War. ''Derfflinger'' was part of the I Scouting Group for most of World War I, and was involved in several fleet actions during the war. She took part in the bombardments of English coastal towns, as well as the Battles of Dogger Bank and Jutland, where her stubborn resistance led to the British nicknaming her "Iron Dog". The ship was partially responsible for the sinking of two British battlecruisers at Jutland; ''Derfflinger'' and destroyed , and ''Lützow'' assisted her elder sister in the sinking of . ''Derfflinger'' was interned with the rest of the High Seas fleet at Scapa Flow following the armistice in November 1918. Under the orders of Rear Admiral Ludwig von Reuter, the interned ships were scuttled on 21 June 1919; ''Derfflinger'' sank at 14:45. == Construction == Built by Blohm & Voss at their yard in Hamburg, ''Derfflinger''s keel was laid in January 1912. She was to have been launched on 14 June 1913, but the wooden sledges upon which the ship rested became jammed; the ship moved only 30–40 centimeters. A second attempt was successful on 12 July 1913. A crew composed of dockyard workers took the ship around the Skagen to Kiel. In late October, the vessel was assigned to the I Scouting Group, but damage to the ship's turbines during trials prevented her from joining the unit until 16 November. On completion she displaced and was long. The ship had a crew of 44 officers and 1,068 enlisted men. ''Derfflinger'' was equipped with two sets of high- and low-pressure turbines powered by 14 coal-burning boilers that drove four propellers. She was capable of a top speed of , and could steam for at a cruising speed of . In early August 1915, a derrick was mounted amidships, and tests with Hansa-Brandenburg W seaplanes were conducted. Mounting a main armament of eight 30.5 cm (12 in) guns, ''Derfflinger'' was the largest and most powerful German battlecruiser at the time. The ship's armament was rounded out by twelve 15 cm (5.9 in) guns in single casemate mounts and eight 8.8 cm (3.45 in) guns, also placed in casemates, though four of these were removed in 1916. An additional four 8.8 cm flak guns were installed amidships. Four submerged torpedo tubes were carried; one was located in the bow, two on the broadside, and one in the stern. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「SMS Derfflinger」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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